Papers with optimal selection
Effective Demonstration Annotation for In-Context Learning via Language Model-Based Determinantal Point Process (2024.emnlp-main)
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| Challenge: | Existing studies on large-scale labeled support sets are not feasible in practical scenarios. |
| Approach: | They introduce a language model-based determinant point process that considers uncertainty and diversity of unlabeled instances for optimal selection. |
| Outcome: | The proposed method can effectively select canonical examples on 9 NLU and 2 Generation datasets. |
Multimodal Multi-loss Fusion Network for Sentiment Analysis (2024.naacl-long)
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| Challenge: | This paper examines the optimal selection and fusion of feature encoders across multiple modalities and combines them in one neural network to improve sentiment detection. |
| Approach: | They propose to combine feature encoders across multiple modalities into one neural network to improve sentiment detection. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model achieves state-of-the-art performance for three datasets . it also shows that integrating context significantly improves model performance. |
Meta-Reasoning Improves Tool Use in Large Language Models (2025.findings-naacl)
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| Challenge: | External tools have proven effective at boosting the performance of large language models in knowledge-intensive tasks such as QA and math problem-solving. |
| Approach: | They propose a tool-based meta-reasONing system that makes a final decision based on a custom language modelling head. |
| Outcome: | The proposed system improves the performance of large language models in QA and math problem-solving tasks. |
Select Before Use: On the Importance of Reference Model Selection in Preference Alignment (2026.acl-long)
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| Challenge: | Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) is used as the initialization and reference model for subsequent preference alignment. |
| Approach: | They propose to use RewardRank to estimate initial implicit alignment between reference model and preference objective to ensure LLMs generate safe, helpful, and instruction-aligned content. |
| Outcome: | Empirical evidence shows that using the selected model as reference can gain up to 67.6% relative increase on length-controlled win rate compared to baselines. |
Feasible is Not Enough: Cost-Aware Optimal Tool-Chain Planning on Multi-Solution Tool Graphs (2026.findings-acl)
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| Challenge: | Existing tools and benchmarks often form tool learning (TL) as a single-solution setting . exploring large-scale TG is computationally expensive, especially under constrained context budgets. |
| Approach: | They propose a framework for learning optimal TL policies over large tool graphs . they train a reinforcement learning agent to acquire transferable expansion skills . |
| Outcome: | The proposed framework improves task success and solution optimality by 46.21% and 66.34% on multiSoTLBench. |
Refining Idioms Semantics Comprehension via Contrastive Learning and Cross-Attention (2024.lrec-main)
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| Challenge: | Existing methods based on deep learning struggle to grasp idiom semantics due to the figurative meanings of many idiomas deviating from their literal interpretations. |
| Approach: | They propose a Chinese idiom cloze test to capture comprehensive idiomatics and a semantic sense contrastive learning module to enhance the representation of idiomics. |
| Outcome: | The proposed model outperforms state-of-the-art models on the Chinese idiom cloze test and on other benchmark datasets. |